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{ "count": 24928, "next": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=2452", "previous": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=2450", "results": [ { "article_id": 432, "title": "Synergic use of botulinum toxin injection and radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy in Multiple Sclerosis spasticity", "summary": "<div><p>Acta Biomed. 2021 Jan 28;92(1):e2021076. doi: 10.23750/abm.v92i1.11101.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">BACKGROUND AND AIM: In Multiple Sclerosis (MS) spasticity worsen patient's quality of life. Botulinum NeuroToxin TypeA (BoNT-A) is extensively used in focal spasticity, frequently combined with physical therapies. Radial extracorporeal shock waves (rESW) were already used in association with BoNT-A. Considering that loss of efficacy and adverse events are determinants of BoNT-A treatment interruption, this study aimed to evaluate the possibility to prolong BoNT-A's effect by using rESW in MS focal spasticity.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">METHODS: Sixteen MS patients with spasticity of triceps surae muscles were first subjected to BoNT-A therapy and, four months later, to 4 sections of rESWT. Patients were evaluated before, 30, 90 days after the end of the treatments, by using Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) and kinematic analysis of passive and active ankle ROM. Results: BoNT-A determined a significant reduction of spasticity evaluated by MAS with a reduction of positive effects after 4months (p<0.05); MTS highlighted the efficacy only 90 days after injection (p<0.05). rESWT decreased MAS values at the end and 30 days later the treatment (p<0.01); MTS values showed instead a prolonged effect (p<0.01). BoNT-A determined a gain of passive and active ankle ROM, persisting along with treatment and peaking the maximum value after rESWT (p<0.05). Conclusions: rESWT can prolong BoNT-A effect inducing significant reduction of spasticity and improvement in passive and active ankle ROM in MS patients. The use of rESWT following BoNT-A injection is useful to avoid some limitations and to prolong the therapeutic effects of BoNT-A therapy.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33682833/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308135644&v=2.14.2\">33682833</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i1.11101\">10.23750/abm.v92i1.11101</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33682833/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-01-28T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "PubMed" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": null, "container_title": null, "authors": [], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T18:56:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Synergic use", "botulinum toxin injection", "radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy", "Multiple Sclerosis spasticity" ], "doi": "10.23750/abm.v92i1.11101", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Botulinum NeuroToxin TypeA (BoNT-A) is extensively used in focal spasticity, frequently combined with physical therapies . Radial extracorporeal shock waves (rESW) were already used .", "categories": [ { "category_id": 18, "category_description": "Search terms: telerehabilitation, physical therapy, virtual reality, gamification, neurostimulation, cognitive training, spasticity, motor control.\n\nSuggested by Alejandro Carrabs", "category_name": "Physical therapy and Telerehabilitation", "category_slug": "physical-therapy-and-telerehabilitation", "category_terms": [ "telerehabilitation", "physical therapy", "virtual reality", "gamification", "neurostimulation", "cognitive training", "spasticity", "motor control" ], "article_count": 181 } ] }, { "article_id": 428, "title": "An old weapon with a new function: PIWI-interacting RNAs in neurodegenerative diseases", "summary": "AbstractPIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding transcripts that are highly conserved across species and regulate gene expression through pre- and post-transcriptional processes. piRNAs were originally discovered in germline cells and protect against transposable element expression to promote and maintain genome stability. In the recent decade, emerging roles of piRNAs have been revealed, including the roles in sterility, tumorigenesis, metabolic homeostasis, neurodevelopment, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we summarize piRNA biogenesis in C. elegans, Drosophila, and mice, and further elaborate upon how piRNAs mitigate the harmful effects of transposons. Lastly, the most recent findings on piRNA participation in neurological diseases are highlighted. We speculate on the mechanisms of piRNA action in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the roles of piRNAs in neurological diseases may facilitate their applications in diagnostic and therapeutic practice.", "link": "https://translationalneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40035-021-00233-6", "published_date": "2021-03-08T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "BioMedCentral" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "container_title": "Translational Neurodegeneration", "authors": [ { "author_id": 269011, "given_name": "Xiaobing", "family_name": "Huang", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 170909, "given_name": "Garry", "family_name": "Wong", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-9958", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T18:43:30Z", "noun_phrases": [ "An old weapon", "a new function", "PIWI-interacting RNAs", "neurodegenerative diseases" ], "doi": "10.1186/s40035-021-00233-6", "access": "open", "takeaways": " PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding transcripts that are highly conserved across species . They regulate gene expression through pre- and post-transcriptional processes . Understanding the roles of piRNAs in neurological diseases may facilitate their applications in diagnostic and therapeutic practice .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 426, "title": "The Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire (MSISQ-15): translation, adaptation and validation of the Polish version for patients with multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury", "summary": "Background: Polish physicians and researchers lack an extensive and precise instrument in their native language for evaluating sexual dysfunction in individuals with neurogenic disorders. The aim of this study was to create a culturally adapted, validated, Polish language version of the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire (MSISQ-15) for persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury (SCI).MethodsInternational recommendations and standardized methods for instrument validation were followed. Sexually active patients with MS and SCI completed the MSISQ-15, International Index of Erection Function (IIEF-15, men), and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-31, women). IIEF-15 and PISQ-31 were used as reference questionnaires. Responses were collected at baseline (test) and after 2 weeks (re-test).ResultsWe recruited 299 Polish-speaking patients with MS or SCI. Interviews disclosed that the translated questionnaire had optimal content validity/cross-cultural adaptation. MSISQ-15 scores correlated significantly with the severity of sexual dysfunction as evaluated by IIEF-15 (r = − 0.487) and PISQ-31 (r = − 0.709). These correlations substantiated the high quality construct/criterion validity. An analysis of reliability presented good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha of 0.93 for the total score of MS patients and 0.86 for the total score of SCI patients) and reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.91 for the total score of MS patients and 0.92 for the total score of SCI patients). There were no ceiling or floor effects.ConclusionsThe Polish version of MSISQ-15 exhibited excellent measurement properties. It is a suitable and reliable instrument to assess sexual dysfunction in MS and SCI individuals. The Polish MSISQ-15 will enhance routine clinical practice and assist research for neurogenic patients in Poland.", "link": "https://bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12883-021-02132-9", "published_date": "2021-03-08T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "BioMedCentral" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "container_title": "BMC Neurology", "authors": [ { "author_id": 216924, "given_name": "Mikolaj", "family_name": "Przydacz", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7381-7420", "country": null }, { "author_id": 303569, "given_name": "Tomasz", "family_name": "Golabek", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 303570, "given_name": "Przemyslaw", "family_name": "Dudek", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 303571, "given_name": "Piotr", "family_name": "Chlosta", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T18:43:30Z", "noun_phrases": [ "The Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire", "MSISQ-15", "translation", "adaptation", "validation", "the Polish version", "patients", "multiple sclerosis", "spinal cord injury" ], "doi": "10.1186/s12883-021-02132-9", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Polish physicians and researchers lack an extensive and precise instrument in their native language for evaluating sexual dysfunction in individuals with neurogenic disorders . The aim of this study was to create a culturally adapted, validated, Polish language version of the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire (MSISQ-15) for persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury (SCI)", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 427, "title": "Thyroid hormone: sex-dependent role in nervous system regulation and disease", "summary": "AbstractThyroid hormone (TH) regulates many functions including metabolism, cell differentiation, and nervous system development. Alteration of thyroid hormone level in the body can lead to nervous system-related problems linked to cognition, visual attention, visual processing, motor skills, language, and memory skills. TH has also been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and depression. Males and females display sex-specific differences in neuronal signaling. Steroid hormones including testosterone and estrogen are considered to be the prime regulators for programing the neuronal signaling in a male- and female-specific manner. However, other than steroid hormones, TH could also be one of the key signaling molecules to regulate different brain signaling in a male- and female-specific manner. Thyroid-related diseases and neurological diseases show sex-specific incidence; however, the molecular mechanisms behind this are not clear. Hence, it will be very beneficial to understand how TH acts in male and female brains and what are the critical genes and signaling networks. In this review, we have highlighted the role of TH in nervous system regulation and disease outcome and given special emphasis on its sex-specific role in male and female brains. A network model is also presented that provides critical information on TH-regulated genes, signaling, and disease.", "link": "https://bsd.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13293-021-00367-2", "published_date": "2021-03-08T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "BioMedCentral" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "container_title": "Biology of Sex Differences", "authors": [ { "author_id": 237604, "given_name": "Shounak", "family_name": "Baksi", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 151244, "given_name": "Ajay", "family_name": "Pradhan", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2305-8574", "country": "SE" } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T18:43:30Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Thyroid hormone", "sex-dependent role", "nervous system regulation", "disease" ], "doi": "10.1186/s13293-021-00367-2", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Alteration of thyroid hormone level in the body can lead to nervous system-related problems linked to cognition, visual attention, visual processing, motor skills, language, and memory skills . TH has also been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and depression .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 429, "title": "A pilot study of the impact of an exercise intervention on brain structure, cognition, and psychosocial symptoms in individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis", "summary": "Background: Despite pharmacological treatment, many individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) continue to experience symptoms and medication side effects. Exercise holds promise for MS, but changes in brain structure following exercise have not been thoroughly investigated, and important cognitive and psychosocial variables are rarely primary outcomes. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether a 12-week exercise intervention would improve white matter integrity in the brain, or cognition, symptoms of fatigue, and depressed mood for individuals with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).MethodThirteen participants completed 12 weeks of speeded walking. Baseline and post-intervention testing included 3T diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess white matter and neuropsychological testing to assess cognition, fatigue, and mood. Image pre-processing and analyses were performed in functional magnetic resonance imaging of the Brain Software Library.ResultsPost-intervention, there were no significant changes in white matter compared to baseline. Post-intervention, individuals with RRMS performed significantly better on the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), reported fewer perceived memory problems, and endorsed less fatigue. Performance was not significantly different on Trails or Digit Span, and there were no significant changes in reports of mood.ConclusionAlthough 12 weeks of speeded walking did not improve white matter integrity, exercise may hold promise for managing some symptoms of RRMS in the context of this study population.", "link": "https://pilotfeasibilitystudies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40814-021-00806-2", "published_date": "2021-03-08T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "BioMedCentral" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "container_title": "Pilot and Feasibility Studies", "authors": [ { "author_id": 240820, "given_name": "Chantel D.", "family_name": "Mayo", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 304578, "given_name": "Laureen", "family_name": "Harrison", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 304579, "given_name": "Kristen", "family_name": "Attwell-Pope", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 304580, "given_name": "Lynneth", "family_name": "Stuart-Hill", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 219696, "given_name": "Jodie R.", "family_name": "Gawryluk", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4924-7517", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T18:43:30Z", "noun_phrases": [ "A pilot study", "the impact", "an exercise intervention", "brain structure", "cognition", "psychosocial symptoms", "individuals", "relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1186/s40814-021-00806-2", "access": "open", "takeaways": " The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether a 12-week exercise intervention would improve white matter integrity in the brain, cognition, symptoms of fatigue, and depressed mood for individuals with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS)", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 418, "title": "Lactobacillus acidipiscis Induced Regulatory Gamma Delta T Cells and Attenuated Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis", "summary": "<div><p>Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 19;12:623451. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.623451. eCollection 2021.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease involving the central nervous system, and shows a high disability rate. Its pathogenesis is complicated, and there is no good treatment. In recent years, with in-depth studies on the regulation of gastrointestinal flora, the relationship between the mammalian immune system and the intestinal flora has been extensively explored. Changes in the composition and structure of the gastrointestinal flora can affect the characteristics and development of the host immune system and even induce a series of central nervous system inflammation events. The occurrence and development of multiple sclerosis are closely related to the continuous destruction of the intestinal barrier caused by intestinal dysbacteriosis. In this study, we analyzed <i>Lactobacillus acidipiscis</i> in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We found that the amount of <i>L. acidipiscis</i> in the intestinal tract was inversely proportional to the progress of EAE development. In addition, the number of CD4<sup>+</sup> FOXP3<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice increased significantly after the mice were fed with <i>L. acidipiscis</i>, and the differentiation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells to Th1 and Th17 cells was inhibited. However, the protective effect of <i>L. acidipiscis</i> was lost in γδ T cell-deficient mice and hence was concluded to depend on the presence of regulatory γδ T cells in the intestinal epithelium. Moreover, including <i>L. acidipiscis</i> enhanced the development of Vγ1<sup>+</sup>γδ T cells but suppressed that of Vγ4<sup>+</sup>γδ T cells. In summary, our results demonstrated the ability of <i>L. acidipiscis</i> to induce generation of regulatory γδ T cells that suppress the development of the encephalomyelitic Th1 and Th17 cells and the progress of EAE.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33679767/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">33679767</a> | PMC:<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC7933195/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">PMC7933195</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.623451\">10.3389/fimmu.2021.623451</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33679767/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-02-19T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "PubMed" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA", "container_title": "Frontiers in Immunology", "authors": [ { "author_id": 274237, "given_name": "Saisai", "family_name": "Ren", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 274238, "given_name": "Xiaorong", "family_name": "Zhang", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 274239, "given_name": "Hongbing", "family_name": "Guan", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 274240, "given_name": "Lihong", "family_name": "Wu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 274241, "given_name": "Miao", "family_name": "Yu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 274242, "given_name": "Dan", "family_name": "Hou", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 274243, "given_name": "Yongyong", "family_name": "Yan", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 274245, "given_name": "Xuechun", "family_name": "Fang", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Lactobacillus acidipiscis Induced Regulatory Gamma Delta T Cells", "Attenuated Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis" ], "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2021.623451", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease involving the central nervous system . The occurrence and development of multiple sclerosis are closely related to the continuous destruction of the intestinal barrier caused by intestinal dysbacteriosis . The relationship between the mammalian immune system and the intestinal flora has been extensively explored .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 412, "title": "Two case reports of acquired haemophilia A as complications of alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis", "summary": "<div><p>BMJ Neurol Open. 2021 Jan 18;3(1):e000095. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2020-000095. eCollection 2021.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">OBJECTIVE: To describe the case histories of two patients who developed acquired haemophilia A following treatment with alemtuzumab for multiple sclerosis.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RESULTS: Two patients, a 48-year-old woman and a 31-year-old woman, developed acquired haemophilia A 21 months after their second doses of alemtuzumab. Both presented with spontaneous bruising, and the second case reported menorrhagia. One patient required treatment to control bleeding. Both patients responded to treatment with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide to eliminate the inhibitor.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CONCLUSIONS: Acquired haemophilia A is a rare complication following treatment with alemtuzumab. Activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time should be performed in cases of abnormal bleeding in which the platelet count is normal, to facilitate timely diagnosis and prevention of major bleeding complications.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33681807/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">33681807</a> | PMC:<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC7871705/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">PMC7871705</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjno-2020-000095\">10.1136/bmjno-2020-000095</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33681807/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-01-18T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "PubMed" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "BMJ", "container_title": "BMJ Neurology Open", "authors": [ { "author_id": 247865, "given_name": "Kuhilan", "family_name": "Gounder", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 247866, "given_name": "Tracey", "family_name": "Batt", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 247867, "given_name": "Michael", "family_name": "Dreyer", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Two case reports", "acquired haemophilia A", "complications", "alemtuzumab treatment", "multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1136/bmjno-2020-000095", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Acquired haemophilia A is a rare complication following treatment with alemtuzumab . Activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time should be performed in cases of abnormal bleeding in which platelet count is normal .", "categories": [ { "category_id": 2, "category_description": "LEMTRADA, or Alemtuzumab, is a prescription medicine used to treat relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS), to include relapsing-remitting disease and active secondary progressive disease, in adults. Since treatment with LEMTRADA can increase your risk of getting certain conditions and diseases, LEMTRADA is generally prescribed for people who have tried 2 or more MS medicines that have not worked well enough. LEMTRADA is not recommended for use in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). It is not known if LEMTRADA is safe and effective for use in children under 17 years of age.\n\nhttps://www.lemtrada.com/", "category_name": "Alemtuzumab", "category_slug": "alemtuzumab", "category_terms": [ "alemtuzumab", "lemtrada" ], "article_count": 118 } ] }, { "article_id": 416, "title": "Asymptomatic Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection Causes an Earlier Onset and More Severe Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis", "summary": "<div><p>Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 15;12:635257. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.635257. eCollection 2021.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an increasingly prevalent progressive autoimmune and debilitating chronic disease that involves the detrimental recognition of central nervous system (CNS) antigens by the immune system. Although significant progress has been made in the last decades on the biology of MS and the identification of novel therapies to treat its symptoms, the etiology of this disease remains unknown. However, recent studies have suggested that viral infections may contribute to disease onset. Interestingly, a potential association between herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection and MS has been reported, yet a direct relationship among both has not been conclusively demonstrated. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) recapitulates several aspects of MS in humans and is widely used to study this disease. Here, we evaluated the effect of asymptomatic brain infection by HSV-1 on the onset and severity of EAE in C57BL/6 mice. We also evaluated the effect of infection with an HSV-1-mutant that is attenuated in neurovirulence and does not cause encephalitis. Importantly, we observed more severe EAE in mice previously infected either, with the wild-type (WT) or the mutant HSV-1, as compared to uninfected control mice. Also, earlier EAE onset was seen after WT virus inoculation. These findings support the notion that a previous exposure to HSV-1 can accelerate and enhance EAE, which suggests a potential contribution of asymptomatic HSV-1 to the onset and severity of MS.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33679788/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">33679788</a> | PMC:<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC7928309/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">PMC7928309</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.635257\">10.3389/fimmu.2021.635257</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33679788/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-02-15T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "PubMed" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA", "container_title": "Frontiers in Immunology", "authors": [ { "author_id": 253848, "given_name": "Luisa F.", "family_name": "Duarte", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 253850, "given_name": "María J.", "family_name": "Altamirano-Lagos", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 253852, "given_name": "Jorge H.", "family_name": "Tabares-Guevara", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 221789, "given_name": "Ma. Cecilia", "family_name": "Opazo", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-9294", "country": "CL" }, { "author_id": 253856, "given_name": "Máximo", "family_name": "Díaz", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 253857, "given_name": "Romina", "family_name": "Navarrete", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 253859, "given_name": "Catalina", "family_name": "Muza", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 253861, "given_name": "Omar P.", "family_name": "Vallejos", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 221790, "given_name": "Claudia A.", "family_name": "Riedel", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0257-6751", "country": "VE" }, { "author_id": 193978, "given_name": "Susan M.", "family_name": "Bueno", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-8088", "country": "CL" }, { "author_id": 221788, "given_name": "Alexis M.", "family_name": "Kalergis", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7622-5263", "country": "CL" }, { "author_id": 221787, "given_name": "Pablo A.", "family_name": "González", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-6870", "country": "CL" } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "an Earlier Onset", "More Severe Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis" ], "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2021.635257", "access": "open", "takeaways": " MS is an increasingly prevalent progressive autoimmune and debilitating chronic disease that involves the detrimental recognition of central nervous system antigens by the immune system . Recent studies have suggested that viral infections may contribute to disease onset .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 424, "title": "Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on walking in people with multiple sclerosis: double-blind randomised controlled trial", "summary": "<div><p>BMJ Neurol Open. 2020 Mar 23;2(1):e000022. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2019-000022. eCollection 2020.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is the exposure of body parts to brief periods of circulatory occlusion and reperfusion. Recent studies have also shown that RIPC can improve exercise performance in healthy individuals.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of RIPC on walking in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">METHODS: This was a double-blind randomised controlled clinical trial. We used three cycles of RIPC delivered by occluding the upper arm with a blood pressure (BP) cuff inflated to a pressure of 30 mm Hg above the systolic BP. In patients in the sham intervention group, the BP cuff was inflated only to 30 mm Hg below diastolic BP. Outcome measures included the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), gait speed, the Borg rate of perceived exertion (RPE) scale, the tolerability of the RIPC using a Numerical Rating Scale for discomfort from 0 to 10, and adverse events. We identified responders meeting the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) established in the literature in each group.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RESULTS: Seventy-five participants completed the study (RIPC: 38 and Sham: 37). The distance walked during the 6MWT improved by 1.9% in the sham group and 5.7% in the RIPC group (p=0.012). The number of responders meeting MCID criteria in the RIPC group was significantly greater compared with the sham intervention group. No serious adverse events occurred.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CONCLUSION: Single cycle of RIPC resulted in immediate improvement in walking distances during 6MWT in people with MS.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT03153553.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33681776/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">33681776</a> | PMC:<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC7903187/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">PMC7903187</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjno-2019-000022\">10.1136/bmjno-2019-000022</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33681776/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2020-03-23T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "PubMed" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "BMJ", "container_title": "BMJ Neurology Open", "authors": [ { "author_id": 190823, "given_name": "Chayaporn", "family_name": "Chotiyarnwong", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5622-9811", "country": null }, { "author_id": 143349, "given_name": "Krishnan Padmakumari Sivaraman", "family_name": "Nair", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4004-2315", "country": null }, { "author_id": 143343, "given_name": "Lorenza", "family_name": "Angelini", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4763-7717", "country": null }, { "author_id": 143344, "given_name": "Ellen", "family_name": "Buckley", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0968-6286", "country": null }, { "author_id": 143350, "given_name": "Claudia", "family_name": "Mazzà", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-1746", "country": "GB" }, { "author_id": 290117, "given_name": "Daniel", "family_name": "Heyes", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 290118, "given_name": "Ridha", "family_name": "Ramiz", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 245168, "given_name": "Kathleen", "family_name": "Baster", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 264233, "given_name": "Azza", "family_name": "Ismail", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 283325, "given_name": "Joyutpal", "family_name": "Das", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 290119, "given_name": "Ali", "family_name": "Ali", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 290120, "given_name": "Ralf", "family_name": "Lindert", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 143347, "given_name": "Basil", "family_name": "Sharrack", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-6365", "country": null }, { "author_id": 290121, "given_name": "Sian", "family_name": "Price", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 203379, "given_name": "David", "family_name": "Paling", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-1821", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Effect", "remote ischaemic preconditioning", "people", "multiple sclerosis", "double-blind randomised controlled trial" ], "doi": "10.1136/bmjno-2019-000022", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is the exposure of body parts to brief periods of circulatory occlusion and reperfusion . Recent studies have shown that RIPC can improve exercise performance in healthy individuals .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 422, "title": "Common Peripheral Immunity Mechanisms in Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer's Disease", "summary": "<div><p>Front Immunol. 2021 Feb 19;12:639369. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639369. eCollection 2021.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Neurodegenerative diseases are closely related to inflammatory and autoimmune events, suggesting that the dysregulation of the immune system is a key pathological factor. Both multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are characterized by infiltrating immune cells, activated microglia, astrocyte proliferation, and neuronal damage. Moreover, MS and AD share a common pro-inflammatory signature, characterized by peripheral leukocyte activation and transmigration to the central nervous system (CNS). MS and AD are both characterized by the accumulation of activated neutrophils in the blood, leading to progressive impairment of the blood-brain barrier. Having migrated to the CNS during the early phases of MS and AD, neutrophils promote local inflammation that contributes to pathogenesis and clinical progression. The role of circulating T cells in MS is well-established, whereas the contribution of adaptive immunity to AD pathogenesis and progression is a more recent discovery. Even so, blocking the transmigration of T cells to the CNS can benefit both MS and AD patients, suggesting that common adaptive immunity mechanisms play a detrimental role in each disease. There is also growing evidence that regulatory T cells are beneficial during the initial stages of MS and AD, supporting the link between the modulatory immune compartments and these neurodegenerative disorders. The number of resting regulatory T cells declines in both diseases, indicating a common pathogenic mechanism involving the dysregulation of these cells, although their precise role in the control of neuroinflammation remains unclear. The modulation of leukocyte functions can benefit MS patients, so more insight into the role of peripheral immune cells may reveal new targets for pharmacological intervention in other neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases, including AD.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33679799/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">33679799</a> | PMC:<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC7933037/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210308073644&v=2.14.2\">PMC7933037</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.639369\">10.3389/fimmu.2021.639369</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33679799/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-02-19T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "PubMed" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA", "container_title": "Frontiers in Immunology", "authors": [ { "author_id": 243227, "given_name": "Barbara", "family_name": "Rossi", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243228, "given_name": "Bruno", "family_name": "Santos-Lima", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243229, "given_name": "Eleonora", "family_name": "Terrabuio", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243230, "given_name": "Elena", "family_name": "Zenaro", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243231, "given_name": "Gabriela", "family_name": "Constantin", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": false, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-08T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Common Peripheral Immunity Mechanisms", "Multiple Sclerosis", "Disease" ], "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2021.639369", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are characterized by infiltrating immune cells, activated microglia, astrocyte proliferation, and neuronal damage . MS and AD share a common pro-inflammatory signature .", "categories": [] } ] }