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{ "count": 24559, "next": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=2439", "previous": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=2437", "results": [ { "article_id": 190, "title": "Association of Spectral-Domain OCT With Long-term Disability Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis", "summary": "<div><p>Neurology. 2021 Mar 2:10.1212/WNL.0000000000011788. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011788. Online ahead of print.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether a retinal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) assessment at baseline is associated with long-term disability worsening in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), we performed SD-OCT and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) assessments among 132 PwMS at baseline and at a median of 10 years later.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">METHODS: In this prospective, longitudinal study, participants underwent SD-OCT, EDSS, and visual acuity (VA) assessments at baseline and at follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed using generalized linear regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race, MS subtype, and baseline disability. We defined clinically meaningful EDSS worsening as an increase of ≥2.0 if baseline EDSS score was <6.0, or an increase of ≥1.0 if baseline EDSS score was ≥6.0.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RESULTS: 132 PwMS (mean age: 43 years; n=106 patients with relapsing remitting MS) were included in analyses. Median duration of follow-up was 10.4 years. In multivariable models excluding eyes with prior optic neuritis, relative to patients with an average baseline ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness ≥70µm (the mean GCIPL thickness of all eyes at baseline), an average baseline GCIPL thickness <70µm was associated with a 4-fold increased odds of meaningful EDSS worsening (adjusted odds ratio: 3.97; 95% CI: 1.24-12.70; p=0.02), and an almost 3-fold increased odds of low-contrast VA worsening (adjusted odds ratio: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.40-6.13; p=0.04).</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CONCLUSIONS: Lower baseline GCIPL thickness on SD-OCT is independently associated with long-term disability worsening in MS. Accordingly, SD-OCT at a single time-point may help to guide therapeutic decision making among individual PwMS.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class I evidence that lower baseline GCIPL thickness on SD-OCT is independently associated with long-term disability worsening in MS.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33653904/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">33653904</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011788\">10.1212/WNL.0000000000011788</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33653904/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-04-19T23:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)", "container_title": "Neurology", "authors": [ { "author_id": 198140, "given_name": "Jeffrey", "family_name": "Lambe", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-0988", "country": null }, { "author_id": 147739, "given_name": "Kathryn C.", "family_name": "Fitzgerald", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3137-0322", "country": null }, { "author_id": 164792, "given_name": "Olwen C.", "family_name": "Murphy", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7880-8948", "country": null }, { "author_id": 172330, "given_name": "Angeliki G", "family_name": "Filippatou", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0419-233X", "country": null }, { "author_id": 164484, "given_name": "Elias S", "family_name": "Sotirchos", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8812-1637", "country": "US" }, { "author_id": 198779, "given_name": "Grigorios", "family_name": "Kalaitzidis", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-3609", "country": null }, { "author_id": 172329, "given_name": "Eleni S", "family_name": "Vasileiou", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8639-8405", "country": null }, { "author_id": 240735, "given_name": "Nicole", "family_name": "Pellegrini", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240736, "given_name": "Esther", "family_name": "Ogbuokiri", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240737, "given_name": "Brandon", "family_name": "Toliver", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240738, "given_name": "Nicholas J.", "family_name": "Luciano", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240739, "given_name": "Simidele", "family_name": "Davis", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240740, "given_name": "Nicholas", "family_name": "Fioravante", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240741, "given_name": "Ohemaa", "family_name": "Kwakyi", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240742, "given_name": "Hunter", "family_name": "Risher", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240743, "given_name": "Ciprian M.", "family_name": "Crainiceanu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 198143, "given_name": "Jerry L.", "family_name": "Prince", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6553-0876", "country": "US" }, { "author_id": 165068, "given_name": "Scott D.", "family_name": "Newsome", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5284-4681", "country": null }, { "author_id": 218182, "given_name": "Ellen M.", "family_name": "Mowry", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0623-5188", "country": null }, { "author_id": 172340, "given_name": "Shiv", "family_name": "Saidha", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6387-0714", "country": null }, { "author_id": 150310, "given_name": "Peter A.", "family_name": "Calabresi", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7776-6472", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Association", "Spectral-Domain", "OCT", "Long-term Disability Worsening", "Multiple Sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1212/WNL.0000000000011788", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Retinal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) assessment at baseline is associated with long-term disability worsening in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS)", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 189, "title": "Brain Activation Changes While Walking in Adults with and without Neurological Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Studies", "summary": "<div><p>Brain Sci. 2021 Feb 26;11(3):291. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11030291.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">(1) Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides a useful tool for monitoring brain activation changes while walking in adults with neurological disorders. When combined with dual task walking paradigms, fNIRS allows for changes in brain activation to be monitored when individuals concurrently attend to multiple tasks. However, differences in dual task paradigms, baseline, and coverage of cortical areas, presents uncertainty in the interpretation of the overarching findings. (2) Methods: By conducting a systematic review of 35 studies and meta-analysis of 75 effect sizes from 17 studies on adults with or without neurological disorders, we show that the performance of obstacle walking, serial subtraction and letter generation tasks while walking result in significant increases in brain activation in the prefrontal cortex relative to standing or walking baselines. (3) Results: Overall, we find that letter generation tasks have the largest brain activation effect sizes relative to walking, and that significant differences between dual task and single task gait are seen in persons with multiple sclerosis and stroke. (4) Conclusions: Older adults with neurological disease generally showed increased brain activation suggesting use of more attentional resources during dual task walking, which could lead to increased fall risk and mobility impairments. PROSPERO ID: 235228.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652706/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">33652706</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11030291\">10.3390/brainsci11030291</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652706/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-02-26T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "MDPI AG", "container_title": "Brain Sciences", "authors": [ { "author_id": 249950, "given_name": "Alka", "family_name": "Bishnoi", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 167408, "given_name": "Roee", "family_name": "Holtzer", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6639-0724", "country": null }, { "author_id": 160048, "given_name": "Manuel E.", "family_name": "Hernandez", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3501-9508", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Brain Activation Changes", "Adults", "Neurological Disease", "Systematic Review", "Meta-Analysis", "Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Studies" ], "doi": "10.3390/brainsci11030291", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides a useful tool for monitoring brain activation changes while walking in adults with neurological disorders . The performance of obstacle walking, serial subtraction and letter generation tasks while walking result in significant increases in brain activation in the prefrontal cortex relative to standing or walking baselines .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 191, "title": "The Seaweed Diet in Prevention and Treatment of the Neurodegenerative Diseases", "summary": "<div><p>Mar Drugs. 2021 Feb 26;19(3):128. doi: 10.3390/md19030128.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Edible marine algae are rich in bioactive compounds and are, therefore, a source of bioavailable proteins, long chain polysaccharides that behave as low-calorie soluble fibers, metabolically necessary minerals, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and antioxidants. Marine algae were used primarily as gelling agents and thickeners (phycocolloids) in food and pharmaceutical industries in the last century, but recent research has revealed their potential as a source of useful compounds for the pharmaceutical, medical, and cosmetic industries. The green, red, and brown algae have been shown to have useful therapeutic properties in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: Parkinson, Alzheimer's, and Multiple Sclerosis, and other chronic diseases. In this review are listed and described the main components of a suitable diet for patients with these diseases. In addition, compounds derived from macroalgae and their neurophysiological activities are described.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652930/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">33652930</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/md19030128\">10.3390/md19030128</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652930/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-02-26T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "MDPI AG", "container_title": "Marine Drugs", "authors": [ { "author_id": 196047, "given_name": "Leonel", "family_name": "Pereira", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6819-0619", "country": "PT" }, { "author_id": 196048, "given_name": "Ana", "family_name": "Valado", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0157-6648", "country": "PT" } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "The Seaweed Diet", "Prevention", "Treatment", "the Neurodegenerative Diseases" ], "doi": "10.3390/md19030128", "access": "open", "takeaways": " The green, red, and brown algae have been shown to have useful therapeutic properties in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: Parkinson, Alzheimer's, and Multiple Sclerosis, and other chronic diseases .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 185, "title": "Triad of TDP43 control in neurodegeneration: autoregulation, localization and aggregation", "summary": "<div><p>Nat Rev Neurosci. 2021 Mar 2. doi: 10.1038/s41583-021-00431-1. Online ahead of print.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Cytoplasmic aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43; also known as TARDBP or TDP-43) is a key pathological feature of several neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). TDP43 typically resides in the nucleus but can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm to exert its multiple functions, which include regulation of the splicing, trafficking and stabilization of RNA. Cytoplasmic mislocalization and nuclear loss of TDP43 have both been associated with ALS and FTD, suggesting that calibrated levels and correct localization of TDP43 - achieved through an autoregulatory loop and tightly controlled nucleocytoplasmic transport - safeguard its normal function. Furthermore, TDP43 can undergo phase transitions, including its dispersion into liquid droplets and its accumulation into irreversible cytoplasmic aggregates. Thus, autoregulation, nucleocytoplasmic transport and phase transition are all part of an intrinsic control system regulating the physiological levels and localization of TDP43, and together are essential for the cellular homeostasis that is affected in neurodegenerative disease.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33654312/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">33654312</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41583-021-00431-1\">10.1038/s41583-021-00431-1</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33654312/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-01-04T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC", "container_title": "Nature Reviews Neuroscience", "authors": [ { "author_id": 233318, "given_name": "Paraskevi", "family_name": "Tziortzouda", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6969-8158", "country": null }, { "author_id": 233319, "given_name": "Ludo", "family_name": "Van Den Bosch", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-4067", "country": null }, { "author_id": 233320, "given_name": "Frank", "family_name": "Hirth", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-9450", "country": "GB" } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Triad", "TDP43 control", "neurodegeneration", "autoregulation", "localization", "aggregation" ], "doi": "10.1038/s41583-021-00431-1", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Cytoplasmic aggregation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) is a key pathological feature of several neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS and FTD . TDP43 typically resides in the nucleus but can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasma to exert its multiple functions, including regulation of splicing, trafficking and stabilization of RNA .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 187, "title": "Seeing the Finish Line: Can Baseline OCT Values Predict Long-Term Disability and Therapeutic Management in Multiple Sclerosis?", "summary": "<div><p>Neurology. 2021 Mar 2:10.1212/WNL.0000000000011793. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011793. Online ahead of print.</p><p><b>NO ABSTRACT</b></p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33653903/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">33653903</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011793\">10.1212/WNL.0000000000011793</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33653903/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-04-19T23:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)", "container_title": "Neurology", "authors": [ { "author_id": 150343, "given_name": "Pablo", "family_name": "Villoslada", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8735-6119", "country": null }, { "author_id": 165284, "given_name": "Steven L.", "family_name": "Galetta", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3781-7324", "country": null }, { "author_id": 150342, "given_name": "Ahmed", "family_name": "Toosy", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4441-3750", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "the Finish Line", "Long-Term Disability and Therapeutic Management", "Multiple Sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1212/WNL.0000000000011793", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": "", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 183, "title": "The emerging role of the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan family in neurodegenerative diseases", "summary": "<div><p>Rev Neurosci. 2021 Mar 1. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2020-0146. Online ahead of print.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is a kind of linear polysaccharide that is covalently linked to proteins to form proteoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) consist of a core protein, with one or more CS chains covalently attached. CSPGs are precisely regulated and they exert a variety of physiological functions by binding to adhesion molecules and growth factors. Widely distributed in the nervous system in human body, CSPGs contribute to the major component of extracellular matrix (ECM), where they play an important role in the development and maturation of the nervous system, as well as in the pathophysiological response to damage to the central nervous system (CNS). While there are more than 30 types of CSPGs, this review covers the roles of the most important ones, including versican, aggrecan, neurocan and NG2 in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis. The updated reports of the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases are involving CSPGs.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33655733/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">33655733</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1515/revneuro-2020-0146\">10.1515/revneuro-2020-0146</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33655733/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-03-01T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Walter de Gruyter GmbH", "container_title": "Reviews in the Neurosciences", "authors": [ { "author_id": 240709, "given_name": "Jia-zhe", "family_name": "Lin", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240710, "given_name": "Ming-rui", "family_name": "Duan", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240711, "given_name": "Nuan", "family_name": "Lin", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 317432, "given_name": "Wei-jiang", "family_name": "Zhao", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6556-2827", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "The emerging role", "the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan family", "neurodegenerative diseases" ], "doi": "10.1515/revneuro-2020-0146", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) exert a variety of physiological functions by binding to adhesion molecules and growth factors . CSPGs play an important role in the development and maturation of the nervous system as well as in the pathophysiological response to damage to the central nervous system .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 184, "title": "Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study in an Asian Population", "summary": "<div><p>Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2021 Feb 22;17:587-604. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S268360. eCollection 2021.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease that can damage neurons in the brain and spinal cord and is associated with several psychiatric disorders. However, few studies have evaluated the risk of psychiatric disorders in patients with MS by using a nationwide database. This study investigated the association between MS and the risk of psychiatric disorders.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">METHODS: Using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2015, we identified 1066 patients with MS. After adjustment for confounding factors, Fine and Gray's competing risk model was used to compare the risk of psychiatric disorders during 15 years of follow-up.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RESULTS: Of the patients with MS, 531 (4622.86 per 10<sup>5</sup> person years) developed psychiatric disorders; by contrast, 891 of the 3198 controls (2485.31 per 10<sup>5</sup> person years) developed psychiatric disorders. Fine and Gray's competing risk model revealed an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 5.044 (95% confidence interval = 4.448-5.870, <i>p</i> < 0.001) after adjustment for all the covariates. MS was associated with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, sleep disorders, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, and other psychotic disorders (adjusted HR: 12.464, 4.650, 6.987, 9.103, 2.552, 2.600, 2.441, and 2.574, respectively; all p < 0.001). Some disease-modifying drugs were associated with a lower risk of anxiety or depression.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CONCLUSION: Patients with MS were determined to have a higher risk of developing a wide range of psychiatric disorders.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33654401/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">33654401</a> | PMC:<a href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/PMC7910105/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303073644&v=2.14.2\">PMC7910105</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S268360\">10.2147/NDT.S268360</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33654401/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-02-22T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Informa UK Limited", "container_title": "Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment", "authors": [ { "author_id": 240688, "given_name": "Yao-Ching", "family_name": "Huang", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240689, "given_name": "Wu-Chien", "family_name": "Chien", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 171544, "given_name": "Chi-Hsiang", "family_name": "Chung", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4576-9900", "country": null }, { "author_id": 240690, "given_name": "Hsin-An", "family_name": "Chang", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240691, "given_name": "Yu-Chen", "family_name": "Kao", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240692, "given_name": "Fang-Jung", "family_name": "Wan", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 171548, "given_name": "Shi-Hao", "family_name": "Huang", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-3418", "country": null }, { "author_id": 171549, "given_name": "Ren-Jei", "family_name": "Chung", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0655-3680", "country": "TW" }, { "author_id": 171550, "given_name": "Richard S", "family_name": "Wang", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-2940", "country": null }, { "author_id": 171551, "given_name": "Bing-Long", "family_name": "Wang", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9910-9804", "country": null }, { "author_id": 171552, "given_name": "Nian-Sheng", "family_name": "Tzeng", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5881-7089", "country": null }, { "author_id": 240693, "given_name": "Chien-An", "family_name": "Sun", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T12:36:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Risk", "Psychiatric Disorders", "Multiple Sclerosis", "A Nationwide Cohort Study", "an Asian Population" ], "doi": "10.2147/NDT.S268360", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease that can damage neurons in the brain and spinal cord and is associated with several psychiatric disorders . Few studies have evaluated the risk of psychiatric disorders in patients with MS by using a nationwide database .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 178, "title": "Efficacy of core stability versus task oriented trainings on balance in ataxic persons with multiple sclerosis. A single blinded randomized controlled trial", "summary": "<div><p>Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Feb 23;50:102866. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102866. Online ahead of print.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">BACKGROUND: Balance and ataxic symptoms are commonly encountered in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Many intervention approaches have been proposed to address balance in PwMS. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of adding core stability versus task oriented trainings on traditional approaches on balance in ataxic PwMS.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">METHODS: Forty five ataxic relapsing-remitting PwMS from both sexes were randomly assigned into three identical groups. Control group (CG) treated with conventional balance exercise program; study groups I (GI) and II (GII) received respectively additional training using core stability exercises and task oriented trainings. Outcome measures recorded pre and post study period included stability index (SI), anterior posterior stability index (APSI), and mediolateral stability index (MLSI) using Biodex stability system in addition to the Berg balance scale (BBS).</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RESULTS: Post treatment, the results indicated significant improvement in (SI) and (APSI) (p<0.05), and non-significant improvement (p>0.05) in (MLSI) and BBS in CG. In GI and GII there was a significant improvement in all balance measures (p<0.05). Comparison of post treatment results between groups indicated a significant improvement of GII compared to CG in all study measures, GI showed non- significant difference in all balance measures compared to the CG(P>0.05).</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CONCLUSION: In PwMS balance rehabilitation should be multimodal; core stability exercises and task-oriented training in addition to conventional balance training are effective to improve balance and should be considered as an essential part of the training program for balance rehabilitation in ataxic PwMS. Task-oriented training in addition to conventional balance rehabilitation seem to be a favorable approach.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652233/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303021644&v=2.14.2\">33652233</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2021.102866\">10.1016/j.msard.2021.102866</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652233/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-01-05T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Elsevier BV", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders", "authors": [ { "author_id": 240716, "given_name": "Ahmed S.", "family_name": "Ali", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240717, "given_name": "Moshera H.", "family_name": "Darwish", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240718, "given_name": "Nevin M.", "family_name": "Shalaby", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 223884, "given_name": "Rami L.", "family_name": "Abbas", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6520-4069", "country": "LB" }, { "author_id": 240719, "given_name": "Habiba Z.", "family_name": "Soubhy", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T07:16:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Efficacy", "core stability", "task oriented trainings", "balance", "ataxic persons", "multiple sclerosis", "A single blinded randomized controlled trial" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.msard.2021.102866", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Balance and ataxic symptoms are commonly encountered in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) Many intervention approaches have been proposed to address balance in PwMS . Task-oriented training in addition to conventional balance rehabilitation seem to be a favorable approach .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 180, "title": "Accuracy of the Brazilian version of the DYMUS questionnaire for the screening of oropharyngeal dysphagia in multiple sclerosis", "summary": "<div><p>Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Feb 19;50:102772. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102772. Online ahead of print.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom of many neurological diseases, including Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Early identification of the risk of dysphagia in neurological patients is very important for early referral for specialized evaluations of oropharyngeal swallowing and treatments. The Dysphagia in Multiple Sclerosis (DYMUS) questionnaire has been translated and validated in different countries over the last 10 years. We aimed to analyze the accuracy of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the DYMUS (DYMUS-BR) questionnaire in identifying dysphagia in patients with MS.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">METHODS: The DYMUS questionnaire and a videofluorographic swallowing study (VFSS) were conducted in 30 patients with MS. Dysphagia was identified by at least one abnormal response and was considered alarming when the DYMUS scores were equal to or higher than 3. Patients were considered to have dysphagia in the VFSS when one or more signs of impairment in the efficiency and/or safety of swallowing were detected.</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">RESULTS: According to the initial self-assessment, 37% (N = 11) of patients with MS self-reported with dysphagia. According to the DYMUS-BR scores, 53% (N = 16) of the patients with MS were classified as having dysphagia. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the DYMUS-BR questionnaire for the detection of dysphagia as measured by the VFSS were 50% [95% confidence interval (CI) 29-71], 78% (95% CI 61-90), 60% (95% CI 42-76), and 70% (95% CI 60-78), respectively. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for detecting dysphagia was 64% (95% CI 49-79).</p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">CONCLUSION: The accuracy of the DYMUS-BR questionnaire is poor to detect mild swallowing impairment in patients with MS. However, we suggest longitudinal follow-up in patients with low DYMUS-BR scores for early detection of oropharyngeal dysphagia.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652231/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303021644&v=2.14.2\">33652231</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2021.102772\">10.1016/j.msard.2021.102772</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652231/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-01-05T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Elsevier BV", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders", "authors": [ { "author_id": 240703, "given_name": "Déborah Santos", "family_name": "Sales", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240704, "given_name": "Roberta Gonçalves", "family_name": "da Silva", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240705, "given_name": "Regina Maria", "family_name": "Alvarenga", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240706, "given_name": "Marcia Lyrio", "family_name": "Sindorf", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240707, "given_name": "Claudia Cristina", "family_name": "Vasconcelos", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240708, "given_name": "Luiz Claudio Santos", "family_name": "Thuler", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T07:16:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Accuracy", "the Brazilian version", "the DYMUS questionnaire", "the screening", "oropharyngeal dysphagia", "multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.msard.2021.102772", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom of many neurological diseases, including MS . Dysphagia in Multiple Sclerosis (DYMUS) questionnaire has been translated and validated in different countries over the last 10 years .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 182, "title": "Roles of leptin on the key effector cells of rheumatoid arthritis", "summary": "<div><p>Immunol Lett. 2021 Feb 27:S0165-2478(21)00029-8. doi: 10.1016/j.imlet.2021.02.008. Online ahead of print.</p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b></p><p xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:p1=\"http://pubmed.gov/pub-one\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Leptin, an adipokine sharing structural characteristics of the long-chain helical cytokine family with the crucial role as a regulator in energy homeostasis, has been paid more and more attention on its immunoregulatory function. Emerging evidence has indicated the roles of leptin on autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis, implying that leptin might be involved in autoimmune disorders. It is very definite that there exists immunocyte dysfunction in RA patients. Growing data has manifested that leptin was increased in both serum and synovial fluid of RA patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting leptin might take part in the pathogenesis of RA. The aim of this review is to discuss about what we currently know with regard to the role of leptin in immune system and its effects on RA crucial cells. To clarify the role of leptin in the pathogenesis of RA is beneficial to both the treatment and medical study.</p><p>PMID:<a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652029/?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc=20210216052009&ff=20210303021644&v=2.14.2\">33652029</a> | DOI:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imlet.2021.02.008\">10.1016/j.imlet.2021.02.008</a></p></div>", "link": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33652029/#x3D;Other&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pubmed-2&utm_content=10guX6I3SqrbUeeLKSTD6FCRM44ewnrN2MKKTQLLPMHB4xNsZU&fc&#x", "published_date": "2021-01-05T00:00:00Z", "source": "PubMed", "publisher": "Elsevier BV", "container_title": "Immunology Letters", "authors": [ { "author_id": 174114, "given_name": "Zhen", "family_name": "Wang", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4184-6892", "country": null }, { "author_id": 240713, "given_name": "Xinxin", "family_name": "Huang", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 174116, "given_name": "Xiaokang", "family_name": "Ye", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-178X", "country": null }, { "author_id": 240714, "given_name": "Xia", "family_name": "Li", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 240715, "given_name": "Jing", "family_name": "Wei", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2021-03-03T07:16:46Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Roles", "leptin", "the key effector cells", "rheumatoid arthritis" ], "doi": "10.1016/j.imlet.2021.02.008", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Leptin is an adipokine sharing structural characteristics of the long-chain helical cytokine family with the crucial role as a regulator in energy homeostasis . Leptin was increased in both serum and synovial fluid of RA patients compared to healthy controls .", "categories": [] } ] }