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{ "count": 24898, "next": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=1551", "previous": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=1549", "results": [ { "article_id": 380868, "title": "Multiple sclerosis and HLA genotypes: A possible influence on brain atrophy", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> The strongest genetic determinant for multiple sclerosis (MS) is located at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DRB1 and DQB1 loci. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> To investigate the possible role of predisposing HLA genotypes in determining brain atrophy. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> HLA genotypes were categorized as high risk (two predisposing haplotypes) or medium/low risk (one or no predisposing haplotypes). Patients underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study and volumes of white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and whole brain (WB) were estimated with SIENAX. Longitudinal atrophy was also assessed with SIENA. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> The study included 240 MS patients. In 51/240 (21%) subjects, a high-risk HLA genotype was observed, while medium- and low-risk HLA genotypes were 109/240 (45%) and 80/240 (34%), respectively. Multiple regression analysis found that the high-risk HLA genotype was associated with significant reduction in WB ( p = 0.02) and GM ( p = 0.03) volumes compared with the medium-/low-risk HLA genotypes, independently from MS clinical features. The longitudinal study included 60 patients and showed a brain volume loss of −0.79% in high-risk HLA genotype group versus −0.56% in low-risk HLA genotype. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Our results suggest an influence of HLA genotype on WB and GM atrophy. Further investigations are necessary to confirm these findings. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458517739989", "published_date": "2017-11-07T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 203062, "given_name": "Lorena", "family_name": "Lorefice", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-2908", "country": null }, { "author_id": 243421, "given_name": "Giuseppe", "family_name": "Fenu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 290047, "given_name": "Claudia", "family_name": "Sardu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 148572, "given_name": "Jessica", "family_name": "Frau", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9068-9144", "country": null }, { "author_id": 229606, "given_name": "Giancarlo", "family_name": "Coghe", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3796-3279", "country": null }, { "author_id": 309683, "given_name": "Gianna", "family_name": "Costa", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 309684, "given_name": "Lucia", "family_name": "Schirru", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 309685, "given_name": "Maria Antonietta", "family_name": "Secci", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 309686, "given_name": "Vincenzo", "family_name": "Sechi", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 256503, "given_name": "Maria Antonietta", "family_name": "Barracciu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 263668, "given_name": "Maria Giovanna", "family_name": "Marrosu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 148217, "given_name": "Eleonora", "family_name": "Cocco", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-8820", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Multiple sclerosis", "HLA", "genotypes", "A possible influence", "brain atrophy" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458517739989", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " The strongest genetic determinant for multiple sclerosis is located at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DRB1 and DQB1 loci . HLA genotypes were categorized as high risk (two predisposing haplotypes) or medium/low risk (one or no predisposing) haplotypes). Patients underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging study and volumes of white matter (WM), gray matter (GM), and whole brain (WB) were estimated with SIENAX", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380824, "title": "Prevalence of salivary human herpesviruses in pediatric multiple sclerosis cases and controls", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a multifactorial disease of unknown origin. The current paradigm is that disease develops in genetically susceptible individuals, influenced by environmental factors. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) have particularly strong associations with the disease. Both viruses are typically acquired during childhood, decades before MS presents. However, in patients with pediatric MS, the temporal window between viral acquisition and disease onset is shortened, which may provide insights into the association of herpesviruses with MS. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To compare the frequency of EBV and HHV-6 in the saliva of a cohort of pediatric MS patients and age-matched controls. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> The study enrolled 32 pediatric MS patients and 42 controls and evaluated saliva for HHV-6 u57 and EBV lmp-1 amplification by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Pediatric MS patients did not differ from controls in the frequency or magnitude of salivary viral shedding. During the assessment of EBV positivity, distinct profiles emerged that correlated with target amplicon mutations. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> None of these mutations were evident in EBV-positive samples from pediatric MS patients, whereas they were present in pediatric controls, in addition to MS and control adults, suggesting differential host-immune control of EBV in this pediatric MS cohort. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458518765654", "published_date": "2018-03-23T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 297734, "given_name": "Emily C", "family_name": "Leibovitch", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 297735, "given_name": "Cheng-Te Major", "family_name": "Lin", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 297736, "given_name": "Bridgette J", "family_name": "Billioux", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 159536, "given_name": "Jennifer", "family_name": "Graves", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-1940", "country": null }, { "author_id": 151879, "given_name": "Emmanuelle", "family_name": "Waubant", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5188-0157", "country": null }, { "author_id": 257621, "given_name": "Steven", "family_name": "Jacobson", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Prevalence", "salivary human herpesviruses", "pediatric multiple sclerosis cases" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458518765654", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) have particularly strong associations with the disease . Both viruses are typically acquired during childhood, decades before MS presents . Pediatric MS patients did not differ from controls in the frequency or magnitude of salivary viral shedding .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 382038, "title": "Very early MS — insights from MRI", "summary": "<jats:p> Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is likely to play an increasing role in efforts to understand the earliest changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) and narrowing the gap to new insights provided by the recent pathology literature showing early meningeal and cortical inflammatory disease and cortical gray matter demyelination. Much of the insight into early MS already comes from MRI as it evaluates patients at the time of a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Series show transition of tissue from normal to abnormal, and now often reveal gray matter more so than white matter pathology, deep gray more than cortical gray, and quantitative MRI changes preceding atrophy in early MS. But the CIS population is heterogeneous, likely including patients with many years’ duration, as well as relatively recent onset disease. Efforts to evaluate earlier disease, possibly sub-populations of CIS, patients at risk for MS with strict criteria for a radiologically isolated syndrome, and tumefactive MS, combined with advanced MRI technology, may bring us closer to in vivo insight into truly early or earliest MS. </jats:p>", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1352458512440349", "published_date": "2012-07-03T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 283831, "given_name": "Jack", "family_name": "Simon", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Very early MS", "insights", "MRI" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458512452925", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is likely to play an increasing role in efforts to understand the earliest changes in multiple sclerosis . Much of the insight into early MS already comes from MRI as it evaluates patients at the time of a clinically isolated syndrome .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 381406, "title": "HLA associations in South Asian multiple sclerosis", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Previous efforts to identify Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) gene associations with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the South Asian population have been underpowered. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim:</jats:title><jats:p> To identify the primary HLA class II alleles associated with MS in Indians. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> We typed HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 in 419 patients and 451 unrelated controls by polymerase chain reaction using sequence specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> At the gene level DRB1 showed significant evidence of association ( p=0.0000012), DQA1 showed only marginal evidence of association ( p=0.04) and there was no evidence for association at DQB1 ( p=0.26). At the DRB1 locus association is confirmed with the *15:01 ( p=0.00002) and the *03 ( p=0.00005) alleles. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Our study confirms that the risk effects attributable to the HLA- DRB1*15:01and DRB1*03 alleles seen in Europeans are also seen in Indians. The absence of any evidence of association with DQB1 alleles reflects the lower linkage disequilibrium between DQB1 alleles and DRB1 risk alleles present in this population, and illustrates the potential value of fine mapping signals of association in different ethnic groups. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458515581439", "published_date": "2015-04-28T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 167431, "given_name": "Lekha", "family_name": "Pandit", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2269-5312", "country": null }, { "author_id": 260754, "given_name": "Chaithra", "family_name": "Malli", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 264743, "given_name": "Bhim", "family_name": "Singhal", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 193092, "given_name": "James", "family_name": "Wason", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4691-126X", "country": null }, { "author_id": 263809, "given_name": "Omar", "family_name": "Malik", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 250568, "given_name": "Stephen", "family_name": "Sawcer", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 241369, "given_name": "Maria", "family_name": "Ban", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 301712, "given_name": "Anitha", "family_name": "D’Cunha", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 250247, "given_name": "Sharik", "family_name": "Mustafa", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "HLA associations", "South Asian multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458515581439", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Previous efforts to identify Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) gene associations with multiple sclerosis (MS) in the South Asian population have been underpowered . Aim: To identify the primary HLA class II alleles associated with MS in Indians .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 382087, "title": "Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor locus polymorphisms in multiple sclerosis", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> The objective of this study was to analyze whether inhibitory and activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles defined by their KIR binding motifs are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility or severity. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method:</jats:title><jats:p> We performed a population-based case–control study in 321 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and clinically definite MS (CDMS) and 156 healthy blood donors (HD). Inhibitory and activating KIRs and HLA class I alleles were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequence-specific primers. Allelic frequencies were correlated with prevalence, age of onset, disability and disease duration of CIS and CDMS. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> The frequency of the inhibitory KIR2DL3 gene was significantly reduced in patients with CIS and CDMS ( p = 3.1 × 10<jats:sup>−5</jats:sup>). KIR2DL3-dependent risk reduction remained significant after elimination of patients carrying MS-associated DRB1*15, DRB1*03, DRB1*01 alleles. In addition, individuals carrying two copies for KIR2DL2/KIR2DS2 but lacking KIR2DL3 were overrepresented in the CIS/CDMS cohort. However, both genes did not affect disease risk in presence of KIR2DL3. We did not detect any association between the presence or absence of KIR genes with clinical disease parameters. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Absence of the inhibitory KIR2DL3 gene is associated with the development of CIS/CDMS. These findings, if confirmed in larger cohorts, suggest that KIR-mediated recognition of HLA class I molecules should be further explored as potential disease mechanism in MS. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1352458512440349", "published_date": "2011-12-20T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 245977, "given_name": "Ilijas", "family_name": "Jelčić", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 245978, "given_name": "Katharine C", "family_name": "Hsu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 245973, "given_name": "Kristina", "family_name": "Kakalacheva", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 245979, "given_name": "Petra", "family_name": "Breiden", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 245980, "given_name": "Bo", "family_name": "Dupont", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 245981, "given_name": "Markus", "family_name": "Uhrberg", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 245982, "given_name": "Roland", "family_name": "Martin", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 186477, "given_name": "Christian", "family_name": "Münz", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6419-1940", "country": null }, { "author_id": 245974, "given_name": "Jan D", "family_name": "Lünemann", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor locus polymorphisms", "multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458511431726", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Inhibitory and activating KIRs and HLA class I alleles were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequence-specific primers . Allelic frequencies were correlated with prevalence, age of onset, disability and disease duration of CIS and CDMS . Absence of the inhibitory KIR2DL3 gene is associated with the development of CIS/CDMS .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380751, "title": "Changes in the sex ratio are a good indicator of changes in MS incidence – No", "summary": "With some exceptions, incidence studies from the Western world have shown an increased female-to-male ratio of multiple sclerosis (MS) along with increasing incidence during recent decades.1,2 The increasing sex ratio has, in reviews, been shown to correlate positively with incidence. In Denmark,3 the incidence of MS has increased steadily over five decades, and it was strongly correlated with increase in sex ratio because the female incidence increased much more than the male incidence.\\nSo, it is true to say that, in general, change in sex ratio is a good estimator of change in MS incidence. However, in Western Norway, the incidence increased significantly, but the sex ratio increased little and without statistical significance.4\\nBut only evaluating the sex ratio does not simplify computations. Sex ratio requires calculation of the sex-specific incidences for both sexes. Even the crude incidence without stratification for sex is more informative than the sex ratio alone. Sex ratio is not enough, as phenotypes and epidemiology of MS differ between men and women. The sex ratio in primary progressive MS (PPMS) is lower than in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), and a recent Swedish registry study found that the diagnosis of PPMS has significantly decreased.5 Female incidence has increased in many places, whereas male incidence has been more stable. The speed of increasing incidence is an expression of environmental factors mostly deriving from changes in lifestyle. Environmental exposures that affect both genders could result in increasing incidence. However, there are factors only affecting women and other factors where women may be more susceptible to than men, for example, vitamin D3 has stronger immunomodulatory effects in female than in male MS patients and healthy subjects,6 and girls are more sensitive than boys to obesity in childhood as a risk factor for MS later in life.7 Lifestyle-dependent exposures like tobacco smoking may differ between men and women, and the diverging patterns in male and female smoking rates during the last half century may partly explain the increasing gender difference of incidence. Sex ratio is also linked to birth cohorts.3,8 One particular risk modulator is only present in women: childbirths, and there is some evidence that it has a certain protective effect against onset of MS.9 The change in sex ratio with time varies substantially across the world, probably due to differences over time in sex-specific behaviours. Therefore, the contribution of change in sex ratio to the increase in the incidence varies between different countries.\\nChanges in diagnostic criteria resulting in an earlier diagnosis, better case ascertainment, and an increased awareness, especially in the older population, have contributed to the diagnosis of new cases in both sexes and thereby to the increasing incidence. The increased life expectancy of a population and better diagnostic tools have increased the probability of diagnosing late onset MS.3 Better access to neurology services and better diagnostic criteria have facilitated higher completeness ascertainment of especially benign cases. However, it is still discussed whether the increase in female incidence can be attributed to these factors. An increasing number of articles report increasing prevalence figures, which, in itself, can be a result of the same factors and longer surviving times rather than to environmental factors per se.\\nMigration is a contributor to the changing geographical distribution as several studies have shown that, compared with the country of origin, MS risk among people who migrate from high- to low-MS-risk areas becomes lower. Among migrants from non-Western low-risk countries to Western high-risk countries, the risk of MS gets higher, and this traffic has increased during recent decades. Moreover, a higher risk of MS in offspring of immigrants has been reported, but without gender differences.10 Migration leads not only to the geographic location change but also to changes in lifestyle and exposition to environmental factors which is often very different from that in the country of origin. Ethnicity plays a role in the risk of MS; therefore, the risk of developing MS is influenced by indistinguishable ethnic and lifestyle factors in the common physical environment. In conclusion, the change in MS epidemiology is far too complicated to be expressed by the sex ratio alone.\\nDeclaration of Conflicting Interests\\nThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: N.K.-H. has received support for participation in congresses and symposia by Biogen, Merck, Novartis, and Teva. M.M. has served on scientific advisory board for Biogen, Sanofi, Teva, Roche, Novartis, and Merck; has received honoraria for lecturing from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Sanofi, and Genzyme; has received research support and support for congress participation from Biogen, Genzyme, Teva, Roche, Merck, and Novartis.\\nFunding\\nThe author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1352458519837926", "published_date": "2019-05-15T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 167429, "given_name": "Melinda", "family_name": "Magyari", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0972-5222", "country": null }, { "author_id": 182576, "given_name": "Nils", "family_name": "Koch-Henriksen", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-7573", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Changes", "the sex ratio", "a good indicator", "changes", "MS incidence" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458519837926", "access": "open", "takeaways": "", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380767, "title": "Determinants of therapy switch in multiple sclerosis treatment-naïve patients: A real-life study", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> With many options now available, first therapy choice is challenging in multiple sclerosis (MS) and depends mainly on neurologist and patient preferences. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> To identify prognostic factors for early switch after first therapy choice. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Newly diagnosed relapsing–remitting MS patients from 24 Italian centers were included. We evaluated the association of baseline demographics, clinical, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to the switch probability for lack of efficacy or intolerance/safety with a multivariate Cox analysis and estimated switch rates by competing risks models. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> We enrolled 3025 patients. The overall switch frequency was 48% after 3 years. Switch risk for lack of efficacy was lower with fingolimod (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.50; p = 0.009), natalizumab (HR = 0.13; p < 0.001), dimethyl-fumarate (HR = 0.60; p = 0.037), teriflunomide (HR = 0.21; p = 0.031) as compared to interferons. Younger age (HR = 0.96; p < 0.001), diagnosis delay (HR = 1.23; p = 0.021), higher baseline Expanded Disability Status Scale (HR = 1.17; p = 0.001), and spinal cord lesions (HR = 1.46; p = 0.001) were independently associated with higher inefficacy switch rates. We found lower switch for intolerance/safety with glatiramer acetate (HR = 0.61; p = 0.001), fingolimod (HR = 0.35; p = 0.002), and dimethyl-fumarate (HR = 0.57; p = 0.022) as compared to interferons, while it increased with natalizumab (HR = 1.43; p = 0.022). Comorbidities were associated with intolerance switch (HR = 1.28; p = 0.047). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Several factors are associated with higher switch risk in patients starting a first-line therapy and could be integrated in the decision-making process of first treatment choice. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458518790390", "published_date": "2018-07-25T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 148571, "given_name": "Francesco", "family_name": "Saccà", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-6317", "country": null }, { "author_id": 143716, "given_name": "Roberta", "family_name": "Lanzillo", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6388-8180", "country": null }, { "author_id": 148594, "given_name": "Alessio", "family_name": "Signori", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-9144", "country": null }, { "author_id": 294758, "given_name": "Giorgia T", "family_name": "Maniscalco", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 148574, "given_name": "Elisabetta", "family_name": "Signoriello", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-6752", "country": null }, { "author_id": 278266, "given_name": "Salvatore", "family_name": "Lo Fermo", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 294174, "given_name": "Annamaria", "family_name": "Repice", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243408, "given_name": "Pietro", "family_name": "Annovazzi", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 157072, "given_name": "Damiano", "family_name": "Baroncini", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-8956", "country": null }, { "author_id": 156225, "given_name": "Marinella", "family_name": "Clerico", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8304-3190", "country": null }, { "author_id": 294759, "given_name": "Eleonora", "family_name": "Binello", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 244500, "given_name": "Raffaella", "family_name": "Cerqua", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 246761, "given_name": "Giorgia", "family_name": "Mataluni", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 148575, "given_name": "Simona", "family_name": "Bonavita", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-9720", "country": null }, { "author_id": 152371, "given_name": "Luigi", "family_name": "Lavorgna", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4236", "country": null }, { "author_id": 244629, "given_name": "Ignazio Roberto", "family_name": "Zarbo", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 217612, "given_name": "Alice", "family_name": "Laroni", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-9788", "country": null }, { "author_id": 240827, "given_name": "Silvia", "family_name": "Rossi", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 294760, "given_name": "Lorena", "family_name": "Pareja Gutierrez", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243414, "given_name": "Sara", "family_name": "La Gioia", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 294761, "given_name": "Barbara", "family_name": "Frigeni", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 244481, "given_name": "Valeria", "family_name": "Barcella", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 148572, "given_name": "Jessica", "family_name": "Frau", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9068-9144", "country": null }, { "author_id": 148217, "given_name": "Eleonora", "family_name": "Cocco", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-8820", "country": null }, { "author_id": 243421, "given_name": "Giuseppe", "family_name": "Fenu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243410, "given_name": "Valentina", "family_name": "Torri Clerici", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 147626, "given_name": "Arianna", "family_name": "Sartori", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4518-518X", "country": null }, { "author_id": 244592, "given_name": "Sarah", "family_name": "Rasia", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 213512, "given_name": "Cinzia", "family_name": "Cordioli", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2908-8539", "country": null }, { "author_id": 244518, "given_name": "Alessia", "family_name": "Di Sapio", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 260363, "given_name": "Simona", "family_name": "Pontecorvo", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 243409, "given_name": "Roberta", "family_name": "Grasso", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 244482, "given_name": "Caterina", "family_name": "Barrilà", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 217508, "given_name": "Cinzia Valeria", "family_name": "Russo", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0345-8319", "country": null }, { "author_id": 259912, "given_name": "Sabrina", "family_name": "Esposito", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 259913, "given_name": "Domenico", "family_name": "Ippolito", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 169909, "given_name": "Doriana", "family_name": "Landi", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3309-8417", "country": null }, { "author_id": 253600, "given_name": "Fabio", "family_name": "Gallo", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 149329, "given_name": "Maria Pia", "family_name": "Sormani", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6892-104X", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Determinants", "therapy switch", "multiple sclerosis treatment-naïve patients", "A real-life study" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458518790390", "access": "open", "takeaways": " The overall switch frequency was 48% after 3 years . Younger age (HR = 0.96), diagnosis delay, higher baseline Expanded Disability Status Scale, and spinal cord lesions were independently associated with higher inefficacy switch rates . Several factors could be integrated in the decision-making process of first treatment choice .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380991, "title": "Landscape of MS patient cohorts and registries: Recommendations for maximizing impact", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> There is a growing number of cohorts and registries collecting phenotypic and genotypic data from groups of multiple sclerosis patients. Improved awareness and better coordination of these efforts is needed. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> The purpose of this report is to provide a global landscape of the major longitudinal MS patient data collection efforts and share recommendations for increasing their impact. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> A workshop that included over 50 MS research and clinical experts from both academia and industry was convened to evaluate how current and future MS cohorts could be better used to provide answers to urgent questions about progressive MS. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> The landscape analysis revealed a significant number of largely uncoordinated parallel studies. Strategic oversight and direction is needed to streamline and leverage existing and future efforts. A number of recommendations for enhancing these efforts were developed. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> Better coordination, increased leverage of evolving technology, cohort designs that focus on the most important unanswered questions, improved access, and more sustained funding will be needed to close the gaps in our understanding of progressive MS and accelerate the development of effective therapies. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458517698250", "published_date": "2017-03-01T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 289311, "given_name": "Bruce F", "family_name": "Bebo", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 143705, "given_name": "Robert J.", "family_name": "Fox", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4263-3717", "country": "US" }, { "author_id": 304957, "given_name": "Karen", "family_name": "Lee", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 309739, "given_name": "Ursula", "family_name": "Utz", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 154921, "given_name": "Alan J", "family_name": "Thompson", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4333-8496", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Landscape", "MS patient cohorts", "registries", "Recommendations", "impact" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458517698250", "access": "open", "takeaways": " There is a growing number of cohorts and registries collecting phenotypic and genotypic data from groups of multiple sclerosis patients . Better coordination, increased leverage of evolving technology, better access, and more sustained funding will be needed .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 381778, "title": "Predictive value of 1 month retinal nerve fiber layer thinning for deficits at 6 months after acute optic neuritis", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) loss occurs with multiple sclerosis and after optic neuritis. Vision or RNFL changes at presentation of optic neuritis are not predictive of outcome, but vision loss at 1 month correlates with vision deficits at 6 months. We hypothesized that RFNL thinning at 1 month would predict RNFL loss at 6 months. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> We prospectively studied the RNFL by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser polarimetry (SLP), and determined the threshold field mean deviation, in 25 subjects with acute optic neuritis over a 6-month period. RNFL values, including the amount of thinning at 1-month, were correlated with 6-month outcome. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Baseline visual performance and RNFL values were similar for eyes grouped by 1 month RNFL thinning. Eyes with 1 month RNFL thinning had greater and significant RNFL thinning at 6 months, for all quadrants by OCT and for the nasal and inferior quadrants by SLP. RNFL thinning by OCT and SLP at 1 month correlated with 6-month OCT ( r = 0.58; p = 0.006) and SLP ( r = 0.59; p = 0.002) RNFL thinning, respectively. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Early RNFL loss at 1 month was predictive of the RNFL thinning at 6 months, which corroborated the importance of the 1-month time point for predicting the outcome of an optic neuritis attack. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1352458513494959", "published_date": "2013-05-22T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 263315, "given_name": "Mark J", "family_name": "Kupersmith", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 309745, "given_name": "Susan", "family_name": "Anderson", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 255931, "given_name": "Randy", "family_name": "Kardon", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Predictive value", "deficits", "6 months", "acute optic neuritis" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458513485149", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Vision or RNFL changes at presentation of optic neuritis are not predictive of outcome, but vision loss at 1 month correlates with vision deficits at 6 months . RNFL values, including the amount of thinning at 1-month, were correlated with 6-month outcome .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380781, "title": "Five years before multiple sclerosis onset: Phenotyping the prodrome", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> The multiple sclerosis (MS) prodrome is poorly characterized. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To phenotype the MS prodrome via health care encounters. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Using data from a population-based cohort study linking administrative and clinical data in four Canadian provinces, we compared physician and hospital encounters and prescriptions filled (via International Classification of Diseases chapters, physician specialty or drug classes) for MS subjects in the 5 years before the first demyelinating claim in an administrative cohort or the clinical symptom onset in an MS clinic-derived cohort, to age-, sex- and geographically matched controls. Rate ratios (RRs), 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) and proportions were estimated. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> The administrative and clinical cohorts included 13,951/66,940 and 3202/16,006 people with and without MS (cases/controls). Compared to controls, in the 5 years before the first demyelinating claim or symptom onset, cases had more physician and hospital encounters for the nervous (RR (range) = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.05–5.10 to 4.75; 95% CI: 3.11–7.25), sensory (RR (range) = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.34–1.46 to 2.28; 95% CI: 1.72–3.02), musculoskeletal (RR (range) = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.07–1.33 to 1.70; 95% CI: 1.57–1.85) and genito-urinary systems (RR (range) = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.05–1.30 to 1.59; 95% CI: 1.48–1.70). Cases had more psychiatrist and urologist encounters (RR (range) = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.36–1.62 to 1.80; 95% CI: 1.61–2.01), and higher proportions of musculoskeletal, genito-urinary or hormonal-related prescriptions (1.1–1.5 times higher, all p < 0.02). However, cases had fewer pregnancy-related encounters than controls (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.71–0.86 to 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84–0.92). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Phenotyping the prodrome 5 years before clinical recognition of MS is feasible. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458518783662", "published_date": "2018-07-06T00:00:00Z", "sources": [ "SAGE Publications" ], "teams": [ { "id": 1, "name": "Team Gregory" } ], "subjects": [ { "subject_name": "Multiple Sclerosis", "description": null } ], "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 330171, "given_name": "Elaine", "family_name": "Kingwell", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1956-1700", "country": "GB" }, { "author_id": 289231, "given_name": "José MA", "family_name": "Wijnands", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 241013, "given_name": "Feng", "family_name": "Zhu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 247823, "given_name": "Yinshan", "family_name": "Zhao", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 256080, "given_name": "Okechukwu", "family_name": "Ekuma", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295313, "given_name": "Xinya", "family_name": "Lu", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 267896, "given_name": "Charity", "family_name": "Evans", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 182041, "given_name": "John D", "family_name": "Fisk", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3512-8015", "country": null }, { "author_id": 159118, "given_name": "Ruth Ann", "family_name": "Marrie", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1855-5595", "country": null }, { "author_id": 151868, "given_name": "Helen", "family_name": "Tremlett", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5804-2535", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "multiple sclerosis onset", "the prodrome" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458518783662", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Using data from a population-based cohort study linking administrative and clinical data in four Canadian provinces, we compared physician and hospital encounters and prescriptions filled (via International Classification of Diseases chapters, physician specialty or drug classes) for MS subjects in the 5 years before the first demyelinating claim or the clinical symptom onset .", "categories": [] } ] }