Article List
List all articles in the database by earliest discovery_date
GET /articles/?format=api&page=1425
{ "count": 24398, "next": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=1426", "previous": "http://api.gregory-ms.com/articles/?format=api&page=1424", "results": [ { "article_id": 381050, "title": "Sex chromosome contributions to sex differences in multiple sclerosis susceptibility and progression", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Why are women more susceptible to multiple sclerosis, but men have worse disability progression? Sex differences in disease may be due to sex hormones, sex chromosomes, or both. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> Determine whether differences in sex chromosomes can contribute to sex differences in multiple sclerosis using experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Sex chromosome transgenic mice, which permit the study of sex chromosomes not confounded by differences in sex hormones, were used to examine an effect of sex chromosomes on autoimmunity and neurodegeneration, focusing on X chromosome genes. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> T-lymphocyte DNA methylation studies of the X chromosome gene Foxp3 suggested that maternal versus paternal imprinting of X chromosome genes may underlie sex differences in autoimmunity. Bone marrow chimeras with the same immune system but different sex chromosomes in the central nervous system suggested that differential expression of the X chromosome gene Toll-like receptor 7 in neurons may contribute to sex differences in neurodegeneration. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Mapping the transcriptome and methylome in T lymphocytes and neurons in females versus males could reveal mechanisms underlying sex differences in autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458517737394", "published_date": "2018-01-01T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 171907, "given_name": "Rhonda R", "family_name": "Voskuhl", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-4346", "country": null }, { "author_id": 294510, "given_name": "Amr H", "family_name": "Sawalha", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 216161, "given_name": "Yuichiro", "family_name": "Itoh", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7679-0174", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Sex chromosome contributions", "sex differences", "multiple sclerosis susceptibility", "progression" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458517737394", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Sex differences in disease may be due to sex hormones, sex chromosomes, or both . Mapping the transcriptome and methylome in T lymphocytes and neurons in females versus males could reveal mechanisms underlying sex differences in autoimmunity and neurodegeneration . Bone marrow chimeras with the same immune system but different sex chromosomes in the central nervous system suggested that differential expression of the X chromosome gene Toll-like receptor", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 381399, "title": "Evidence for early, non-lesional cerebellar damage in patients with multiple sclerosis: DTI measures correlate with disability, atrophy, and disease duration", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) such as gait ataxia, poor coordination of the hands, and intention tremor are usually the result of dysfunctionality in the cerebellum. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has frequently failed to detect cerebellar damage in the form of inflammatory lesions in patients presenting with symptoms of cerebellar dysfunction. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To detect microstructural cerebellar tissue alterations in early MS patients with a “normal appearing” cerebellum using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> A total of 68 patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) and without cerebellar lesions and 26 age-matched healthy controls were admitted to high-resolution MRI and DTI to assess microstructure and volume of the cerebellar white matter (CBWM). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> We found cerebellar fractional anisotropy (FA) and CBWM volume reductions in the group of 68 patients. Interestingly, a subgroup of these patients that was derived by including only patients with early and mild MS ( N=23, median age 30 years, median Expanded Disability Status Scale =1.5, median duration 28 months) showed already cerebellar FA but no CBWM volume reductions. FA reductions were correlated with disability, atrophy, and disease duration. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> “Normal appearing” cerebellar white matter can be damaged in a very early stage of RRMS. DTI seems to be a sensitive tool for detecting this hidden cerebellar damage. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458515579439", "published_date": "2015-04-28T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 292222, "given_name": "Michael", "family_name": "Deppe", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 292223, "given_name": "Karsten", "family_name": "Tabelow", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 216519, "given_name": "Julia", "family_name": "Krämer", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2219-5593", "country": null }, { "author_id": 292224, "given_name": "Jan-Gerd", "family_name": "Tenberge", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 292225, "given_name": "Patrick", "family_name": "Schiffler", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 154545, "given_name": "Stefan", "family_name": "Bittner", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-3655", "country": null }, { "author_id": 261326, "given_name": "Wolfram", "family_name": "Schwindt", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 161633, "given_name": "Frauke", "family_name": "Zipp", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1231-1928", "country": null }, { "author_id": 160394, "given_name": "Heinz", "family_name": "Wiendl", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4310-3432", "country": null }, { "author_id": 155182, "given_name": "Sven G.", "family_name": "Meuth", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2571-3501", "country": "DE" } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Evidence", "early, non-lesional cerebellar damage", "patients", "multiple sclerosis", "DTI measures", "disability", "atrophy" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458515579439", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has frequently failed to detect cerebellar damage in the form of inflammatory lesions in patients presenting with symptoms of cerebellum dysfunction . “Normal appearing” white matter can be damaged in a very early stage of RRMS, authors say .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380923, "title": "Insights into microbiome research 2: Experimental design, sample collection, and shipment", "summary": "<jats:p> Conducting a robust experiment is not trivial in microbiome research, and as with any study, experimental methods, environmental factors, and analysis methods can affect results. Standards for data collection and analysis are still emerging in the field, and notably, many of the most fundamental issues that concern microbiome studies arise from statistical and experimental design issues. The most important challenge for the field is to integrate new approaches that are unique to microbiome studies, while remembering standard practices that are broadly applicable to all scientific studies. In this section, attention is focused on sample collection, storage and shipping of microbiome-related samples, and how careful, purposeful design can increase the statistical power of these studies. </jats:p>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458518788962", "published_date": "2018-10-01T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 155940, "given_name": "Sergio E.", "family_name": "Baranzini", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0067-194X", "country": "US" } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Insights", "microbiome research", "Experimental design", "sample collection", "shipment" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458518788962", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Conducting a robust experiment is not trivial in microbiome research, and as with any study, experimental methods, environmental factors, and analysis methods can affect results . Standards for data collection and analysis are still emerging in the field, and notably, many of the most fundamental issues that", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 381806, "title": "Wallerian and trans-synaptic degeneration contribute to optic radiation damage in multiple sclerosis: a diffusion tensor MRI study", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Optic radiation (OR) damage occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> The purpose of this study was to explore the contribution of local and distant mechanisms associated with OR damage in MS. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Diffusion tensor (DT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tractography probability maps of the ORs were derived from 102 MS patients and 11 controls. Between-group differences of OR normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) damage and topographical distribution of OR damage were assessed using quantitative and voxel-wise analyses, considering the influence of previous optic neuritis (ON+) and T2 OR lesions (T2 OR+). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> OR NAWM diffusivity abnormalities were more severe in ON+ patients vs patients without previous optic neuritis (ON–) and T2 OR+ vs T2 OR– patients. Damage to the anterior portions of the ORs was more severe in ON+ vs ON– patients. Compared to controls and T2 OR– patients, T2 OR+ patients experienced a more distributed pattern of DT MRI abnormalities along the ORs, with an increased axial diffusivity limited to the anterior portions of the ORs. In T2 OR+ group, ON+ vs ON– patients showed DT MRI abnormalities in the middle portion of the ORs, in correspondence with focal lesions. OR damage correlated with OR T2 lesion volume, visual dysfunction and optic nerve atrophy. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> Both trans-synaptic degeneration secondary to optic nerve damage and Wallerian degeneration due to local T2 lesions contribute to OR damage in MS. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1352458513494959", "published_date": "2013-04-09T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 148001, "given_name": "Maria A", "family_name": "Rocca", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2358-4320", "country": null }, { "author_id": 245070, "given_name": "Sarlota", "family_name": "Mesaros", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 147999, "given_name": "Paolo", "family_name": "Preziosa", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-0019", "country": "IT" }, { "author_id": 161395, "given_name": "Elisabetta", "family_name": "Pagani", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1850-1175", "country": null }, { "author_id": 290224, "given_name": "Tatjana", "family_name": "Stosic-Opincal", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 290225, "given_name": "Irena", "family_name": "Dujmovic-Basuroski", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 150128, "given_name": "Jelena", "family_name": "Drulovic", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-3458", "country": null }, { "author_id": 143061, "given_name": "Massimo", "family_name": "Filippi", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-0479", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "trans-synaptic degeneration", "optic radiation damage", "multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458513485146", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Optic radiation (OR) damage occurs in multiple sclerosis (MS) The purpose of this study was to explore the contribution of local and distant mechanisms associated with OR damage in MS . Diffusion tensor (DT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tractography maps of the ORs were derived from 102 MS patients and 11 controls .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 381070, "title": "Impairment of decision-making in multiple sclerosis: A neuroeconomic approach", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To assess the decision-making impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and how they relate to other cognitive domains. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> We performed a cross-sectional analysis in 84 patients with MS, and 21 matched healthy controls using four tasks taken from behavioral economics: (1) risk preferences, (2) choice consistency, (3) delay of gratification, and (4) rate of learning. All tasks were conducted using real-world reward outcomes (food or money) in different real-life conditions. Participants underwent cognitive examination using the Brief Repeatable Battery-Neuropsychology. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Patients showed higher risk aversion (general propensity to choose the lottery was 0.51 vs 0.64, p = 0.009), a trend to choose more immediate rewards over larger but delayed rewards ( p = 0.108), and had longer reactions times ( p = 0.033). Choice consistency and learning rates were not different between groups. Progressive patients chose slower than relapsing patients. In relation to general cognitive impairments, we found correlations between impaired decision-making and impaired verbal memory ( r = 0.29, p = 0.009), visual memory ( r = −0.37, p = 0.001), and reduced processing speed ( r = −0.32, p = 0.001). Normalized gray matter volume correlated with deliberation time ( r = −0.32, p = 0.005). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Patients with MS suffer significant decision-making impairments, even at the early stages of the disease, and may affect patients’ quality and social life. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458516682103", "published_date": "2016-12-07T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 269043, "given_name": "Maria", "family_name": "Sepúlveda", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 293434, "given_name": "Begoña", "family_name": "Fernández-Diez", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 269912, "given_name": "Elena H", "family_name": "Martínez-Lapiscina", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 147561, "given_name": "Sara", "family_name": "Llufriu", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4273-9121", "country": null }, { "author_id": 269038, "given_name": "Nuria", "family_name": "Sola-Valls", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 268194, "given_name": "Irati", "family_name": "Zubizarreta", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 147558, "given_name": "Yolanda", "family_name": "Blanco", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1834-0498", "country": "ES" }, { "author_id": 147559, "given_name": "Albert", "family_name": "Saiz", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5793-8791", "country": null }, { "author_id": 293441, "given_name": "Dino", "family_name": "Levy", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 293442, "given_name": "Paul", "family_name": "Glimcher", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 150343, "given_name": "Pablo", "family_name": "Villoslada", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8735-6119", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Impairment", "decision-making", "multiple sclerosis", "A neuroeconomic approach" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458516682103", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Patients with MS suffer significant decision-making impairments, even at the early stages of the disease, and may affect patients’ quality and social life . Progressive patients chose slower than relapsing patients and chose more immediate rewards .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380792, "title": "Cross-modal plasticity among sensory networks in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To explore resting-state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) of the main sensory/motor networks of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs), clinically isolated optic neuritis (ON), and myelitis. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Clinical evaluation and RS fMRI were obtained from 28 NMOSD, 11 recurrent ON, and 12 recurrent myelitis patients and 30 healthy controls. Between-group RS FC comparisons and correlations with motor performance were assessed (SPM12) on the main sensory/motor RS networks (RSNs) identified by independent component analysis. Functional network connectivity analysis estimated inter-network connectivity. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Intra- and inter-network RS FCs were reduced in RSNs associated to somatosensory modalities affected by pathology: regions of the primary visual network in ON patients, of the sensorimotor networks in myelitis patients, and of the sensorimotor and secondary visual networks in NMOSD patients. The opposite trend was observed in regions of RSNs spared by pathology: the auditory and part of visual networks in NMOSD, the secondary visual and sensorimotor networks in ON, and the primary visual network in myelitis patients. Better motor performance correlated with higher RS FC of spared RSNs. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Sensory and motor RSN abnormalities occur in NMOSD. Loss of function within disease–target networks may elicit cross-modal plasticity across sensory networks potentially preserving clinical function. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458518778008", "published_date": "2018-05-17T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 241616, "given_name": "Maria Assunta", "family_name": "Rocca", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 236586, "given_name": "Filippo", "family_name": "Savoldi", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-4053", "country": null }, { "author_id": 208503, "given_name": "Paola", "family_name": "Valsasina", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5390-2655", "country": null }, { "author_id": 244469, "given_name": "Marta", "family_name": "Radaelli", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 147999, "given_name": "Paolo", "family_name": "Preziosa", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-0019", "country": "IT" }, { "author_id": 149342, "given_name": "Giancarlo", "family_name": "Comi", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6989-1054", "country": null }, { "author_id": 241615, "given_name": "Andrea", "family_name": "Falini", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 143061, "given_name": "Massimo", "family_name": "Filippi", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5485-0479", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Cross-modal plasticity", "sensory networks", "neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458518778008", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Sensory and motor abnormalities occur in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs), clinically isolated optic neuritis (ON), and myelitis patients . Intra- and inter-network RS FCs were reduced in RSNs associated to somatosensory modalities affected by pathology: regions of the primary visual network in ON patients, of the sensorimotor networks in NMOSD patients .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 382066, "title": "National estimate of multiple sclerosis incidence in France (2001–2007)", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> In France, the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not well known, and MS is one of the 30 long-term illnesses for which patients are covered for 100% of their health care costs. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To estimate the incidence of MS in France and its geographic variations. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> We estimated the national rate for notification of MS to the main French health insurance system, and its confidence interval (CI), between November 2000 and October 2007, which covers 87% of the population. We analysed geographic variations using a Bayesian approach. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Between November 2000 and October 2007, among a covered population of 52,449,871, some 28,682 individuals were registered as having MS. After age standardization according to the European population, the notification rate for MS was 6.8 per 100,000 (6.7–6.9), 9.8 (9.7–10.0) in women and 3.7 (3.6–3.8) in men. When the under-notification rate (11.5% and 29%) was taken into account, the notification rate per 100,000 inhabitants was estimated between 7.6 and 8.8. The notification rate was higher in north-eastern France, and lower on the Atlantic coast and in the Alps as well as on both sides of the Rhône River. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> This study, conducted on a representative French population, provides for the first time national estimates of MS incidence between November 2000 and October 2007. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1352458512440349", "published_date": "2012-02-01T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 295427, "given_name": "A", "family_name": "Fromont", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295428, "given_name": "C", "family_name": "Binquet", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295429, "given_name": "EA", "family_name": "Sauleau", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295430, "given_name": "I", "family_name": "Fournel", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295431, "given_name": "R", "family_name": "Despalins", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295432, "given_name": "F", "family_name": "Rollot", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295433, "given_name": "A", "family_name": "Weill", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295434, "given_name": "L", "family_name": "Clerc", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 295435, "given_name": "C", "family_name": "Bonithon-Kopp", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 247164, "given_name": "T", "family_name": "Moreau", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "National estimate", "multiple sclerosis incidence", "France" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458511433305", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " MS is one of the 30 long-term illnesses for which patients are covered for 100% of their health care costs . Among a covered population of 52,449,871, some 28,682 individuals were registered as having MS between November 2000 and October 2007 . The notification rate was higher in north-eastern France, and lower on the Atlantic coast and in the Alps .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 380544, "title": "The influence of human leukocyte antigen-DRB1*15:01 and its interaction with smoking in MS development is dependent on DQA1*01:01 status", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> HLA-DRB1*15:01, absence of HLA-A*02:01, and smoking interact to increase multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> To analyze whether MS-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, apart from DRB1*15:01 and absence of A*02:01, interact with smoking in MS development, and to explore whether the established HLA-smoking interaction is affected by the DQA1*01:01 allele, which confers a protective effect only in the presence of DRB1*15:01. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> In two Swedish population-based case–control studies (5838 cases, 5412 controls), subjects with different genotypes and smoking habits were compared regarding MS risk, by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals employing logistic regression. Interaction on the additive scale between different genotypes and smoking was evaluated. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> The DRB1*08:01 allele interacted with smoking to increase MS risk. The interaction between DRB1*15:01 and both the absence of A*02:01 and smoking was confined to DQA1*01:01 negative subjects, whereas no interactions occurred among DQA1*01:01 positive subjects. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title><jats:p> Multifaceted interactions take place between different class II alleles and smoking in MS development. The influence of DRB1*15:01 and its interaction with the absence of A*02:01 and smoking is dependent on DQA1*01:01 status which may be due to differences in the responding T-cell repertoires. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1352458519877685", "published_date": "2019-10-01T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 152921, "given_name": "Anna Karin", "family_name": "Hedström", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6612-4749", "country": null }, { "author_id": 251005, "given_name": "Ola", "family_name": "Hössjer", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 152920, "given_name": "Jan", "family_name": "Hillert", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7386-6732", "country": null }, { "author_id": 170369, "given_name": "Pernilla", "family_name": "Stridh", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4855-0039", "country": null }, { "author_id": 160914, "given_name": "Ingrid", "family_name": "Kockum", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0867-4726", "country": null }, { "author_id": 218798, "given_name": "Tomas", "family_name": "Olsson", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2938-1877", "country": "SE" }, { "author_id": 324611, "given_name": "Lars", "family_name": "Alfredsson", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1688-6697", "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "The influence", "human leukocyte antigen-DRB1", "its interaction", "smoking", "MS development", "DQA1", "01:01 status" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458519877685", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " The influence of DRB1*08:01 and its interaction with the absence of A*02:01 is dependent on DQA1*01:01 status which may be due to differences in the responding T-cell repertoires .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 381827, "title": "Cerebral white matter blood flow and energy metabolism in multiple sclerosis", "summary": "<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:</jats:title><jats:p> Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is reduced in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) of subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS), but the underlying mechanism is unknown. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective:</jats:title><jats:p> The objective of this article is to assess the relationship between reduced NAWM CBF and both axonal mitochondrial metabolism and astrocytic phosphocreatine (PCr) metabolism. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Ten healthy controls and 25 MS subjects were studied with 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging. CBF was measured using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling. N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr) ratios (axonal mitochondrial metabolism) were obtained using <jats:sup>1</jats:sup>H-MR spectroscopy and PCr/β-ATP ratios using <jats:sup>31</jats:sup>P-MR spectroscopy. In centrum semiovale NAWM, we assessed correlations between CBF and both NAA/Cr and PCr/β-ATP ratios. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Subjects with MS had a widespread reduction in CBF of NAWM (centrum semiovale, periventricular, frontal and occipital), and gray matter (frontoparietal cortex and thalamus). Compared to controls, NAA/Cr in NAWM of the centrum semiovale of MS subjects was decreased, whereas PCr/β-ATP was increased. We found no correlations between CBF and PCr/β-ATP. CBF and NAA/Cr correlated in controls ( p = 0.02), but not in MS subjects ( p = 0.68). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> Our results suggest that in MS patients there is no relationship between reduced CBF in NAWM and impaired axonal mitochondrial metabolism or astrocytic PCr metabolism. </jats:p></jats:sec>", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1352458513477228", "published_date": "2013-02-21T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 293165, "given_name": "Christel", "family_name": "Steen", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 187114, "given_name": "Miguel", "family_name": "D’haeseleer", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-0089", "country": null }, { "author_id": 293166, "given_name": "Johannes M", "family_name": "Hoogduin", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 293167, "given_name": "Yves", "family_name": "Fierens", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 267744, "given_name": "Melissa", "family_name": "Cambron", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 293168, "given_name": "Jop P", "family_name": "Mostert", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 293169, "given_name": "Dorothea J", "family_name": "Heersema", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 147015, "given_name": "Marcus W", "family_name": "Koch", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9972-5092", "country": "CA" }, { "author_id": 226691, "given_name": "Jacques", "family_name": "De Keyser", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3394-7757", "country": "BE" } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Cerebral white matter blood flow", "energy metabolism", "multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458513477228", "access": "restricted", "takeaways": " Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is reduced in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) of subjects with multiple sclerosis . CBF was measured using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling . N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr) ratios (axonal mitochondrial metabolism) were obtained using 1H-MR spectroscopy and PCr/β-ATP ratios .", "categories": [] }, { "article_id": 381569, "title": "Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness correlates with brain white matter damage in multiple sclerosis: A combined optical coherence tomography and diffusion tensor imaging study", "summary": "<jats:p> We investigated the association of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) with white matter damage assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Forty-four MS patients and 30 healthy subjects underwent optical coherence tomography. DTI was analysed with a voxel-based whole brain and region-based analysis of optic radiation, corpus callosum and further white matter. Correlations between RNFL, fractional anisotropy (FA) and other DTI-based parameters were assessed in patients and controls. RNFL correlated with optic radiation FA, but also with corpus callosum and remaining white matter FA. Our findings demonstrate that RNFL changes indicate white matter damage exceeding the visual pathway. </jats:p>", "link": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1352458514549402", "published_date": "2014-05-19T00:00:00Z", "source": "SAGE Publications", "publisher": "SAGE Publications", "container_title": "Multiple Sclerosis Journal", "authors": [ { "author_id": 143295, "given_name": "Michael", "family_name": "Scheel", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-2914", "country": null }, { "author_id": 202091, "given_name": "Carsten", "family_name": "Finke", "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7665-1171", "country": null }, { "author_id": 263031, "given_name": "Timm", "family_name": "Oberwahrenbrock", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 285112, "given_name": "Alina", "family_name": "Freing", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 285113, "given_name": "Luisa-Maria", "family_name": "Pech", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 285114, "given_name": "Jeremias", "family_name": "Schlichting", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 285115, "given_name": "Carina", "family_name": "Sömmer", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 237092, "given_name": "Jens", "family_name": "Wuerfel", "ORCID": null, "country": null }, { "author_id": 237109, "given_name": "Friedemann", "family_name": "Paul", "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6378-0070", "country": "DE" }, { "author_id": 255539, "given_name": "Alexander U", "family_name": "Brandt", "ORCID": null, "country": null } ], "relevant": null, "ml_prediction_gnb": false, "ml_prediction_lr": false, "ml_prediction_lsvc": false, "discovery_date": "2022-05-31T16:16:47.188873Z", "noun_phrases": [ "Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness", "brain white matter damage", "multiple sclerosis" ], "doi": "10.1177/1352458514535128", "access": "open", "takeaways": " Forty-four MS patients and 30 healthy subjects underwent optical coherence tomography . We investigated the association of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (RNFL) with white matter damage assessed by diffusion tensor imaging .", "categories": [] } ] }